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import random, hashlib, collections
def duplicates(table):
return [key for key, values in table.items() if len(values) > 1]
def hash(msg): # we use only the first 3 bytes, as a toy example
return hashlib.md5(str(msg).encode('utf-8')).digest()[:3]
lookup = collections.defaultdict(list) # lookup table
while duplicates(lookup) == []: # as long as there are no duplicates
input = random.getrandbits(64) # 64 bits is sufficient to assume no input occurs twice
lookup[hash(input)].append(input)
print(len(lookup))
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