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| -rw-r--r-- | naess-handout.tex | 44 |
1 files changed, 41 insertions, 3 deletions
diff --git a/naess-handout.tex b/naess-handout.tex index d454b2f..3244a67 100644 --- a/naess-handout.tex +++ b/naess-handout.tex @@ -20,9 +20,14 @@ \author{Camil Staps} \newcommand{\MDAH}[0]{\bgroup\sc mdah\egroup} -\def\vol#1{$#1$\bgroup\sc vol\egroup} -\def\inst#1{$#1$\bgroup\sc inst\egroup} -\def\aff#1{$#1$\bgroup\sc aff\egroup} +\newcommand{\defineproperty}[1]{% + \expandafter\def\csname #1\endcsname##1{% + \def\temp{##1}% + \ifx\temp\empty\else $##1$\fi% + \bgroup\sc #1\egroup}} +\defineproperty{vol} +\defineproperty{inst} +\defineproperty{aff} \begin{document} @@ -119,4 +124,37 @@ (e.g., why \vol+ \inst- \aff+ is a patient and not an agent).} } +\summary{ + Verbs appear with different participant types% + \note{e.g. `break' may take Agents, forces and non-volitional human actors, and instruments}\pagenr{107}. + Hence, the notion of thematic roles% + \note{where a verb participant can only have one kind of thematic role, depending on the verb} + complicates things, since a thematic role would have to combine all these different participant types\pagenr{108}. + It is simpler to let verbs subcategorise for a semantic feature as \inst+ and leave the other features unspecified\pagenr{110}. +} + +\subsection*{Experiencers and the dative} +\summary{ + Experiencers may appear as + transitive clause subjects\note{``I like the dog''}, + intransitive clause subjects\note{``I'm afraid of the dog''} + and transitive clause objects\note{``The dog frightened me''}\pagenr{185}. + This variance can only be expected, since experiencers can be (at least) + both volitional undergoers and affected agents\pagenr{189}. + + Experiencer events cannot simply be captured + by an analysis of two-participant events in terms of the distinctness of participants + with respect to the properties \vol{}, \inst{} and \aff{}\pagenr{190}. + This is a problem of language, not of linguistics; + the fact that these verbs are difficult to classify only makes them eligible for the perceived variation\pagenr{196}. + + The dative case may be used to indicate reduced transitivity\pagenr{197}. + However, its function goes beyond this: + it is also used for + active receivers\note{``He is helping \emph{me}''}\pagenr{198}, + possessors\pagenr{199} and + causees\pagenr{200}. + All are \vol+ \inst- \aff+, which should then be understood as the core meaning of the dative case\pagenr{202}. +} + \end{document} |