Finish Naess

1 files changed, 41 insertions, 3 deletions

diff --git a/naess-handout.tex b/naess-handout.tex
index d454b2f..3244a67 100644
--- a/naess-handout.tex
+++ b/naess-handout.tex
@@ -20,9 +20,14 @@
 \author{Camil Staps}
 
 \newcommand{\MDAH}[0]{\bgroup\sc mdah\egroup}
-\def\vol#1{$#1$\bgroup\sc vol\egroup}
-\def\inst#1{$#1$\bgroup\sc inst\egroup}
-\def\aff#1{$#1$\bgroup\sc aff\egroup}
+\newcommand{\defineproperty}[1]{%
+	\expandafter\def\csname #1\endcsname##1{%
+		\def\temp{##1}%
+		\ifx\temp\empty\else $##1$\fi%
+		\bgroup\sc #1\egroup}}
+\defineproperty{vol}
+\defineproperty{inst}
+\defineproperty{aff}
 
 \begin{document}
 
@@ -119,4 +124,37 @@
 		(e.g., why \vol+ \inst- \aff+ is a patient and not an agent).}
 }
 
+\summary{
+	Verbs appear with different participant types%
+		\note{e.g. `break' may take Agents, forces and non-volitional human actors, and instruments}\pagenr{107}.
+	Hence, the notion of thematic roles%
+		\note{where a verb participant can only have one kind of thematic role, depending on the verb}
+		complicates things, since a thematic role would have to combine all these different participant types\pagenr{108}.
+	It is simpler to let verbs subcategorise for a semantic feature as \inst+ and leave the other features unspecified\pagenr{110}.
+}
+
+\subsection*{Experiencers and the dative}
+\summary{
+	Experiencers may appear as
+		transitive clause subjects\note{``I like the dog''},
+		intransitive clause subjects\note{``I'm afraid of the dog''}
+		and transitive clause objects\note{``The dog frightened me''}\pagenr{185}.
+	This variance can only be expected, since experiencers can be (at least)
+		both volitional undergoers and affected agents\pagenr{189}.
+
+	Experiencer events cannot simply be captured
+		by an analysis of two-participant events in terms of the distinctness of participants
+		with respect to the properties \vol{}, \inst{} and \aff{}\pagenr{190}.
+	This is a problem of language, not of linguistics;
+	the fact that these verbs are difficult to classify only makes them eligible for the perceived variation\pagenr{196}.
+
+	The dative case may be used to indicate reduced transitivity\pagenr{197}.
+	However, its function goes beyond this:
+	it is also used for
+		active receivers\note{``He is helping \emph{me}''}\pagenr{198},
+		possessors\pagenr{199} and
+		causees\pagenr{200}.
+	All are \vol+ \inst- \aff+, which should then be understood as the core meaning of the dative case\pagenr{202}.
+}
+
 \end{document}