\documentclass[a4paper]{article}

\usepackage{geometry}
\usepackage[british]{babel}

\usepackage{handouts}

\usepackage[hidelinks]{hyperref}
\usepackage{tikz}
		
\newcommand{\situationtransition}[7]{%
	\begin{tikzpicture}[node distance=4em]
		\node[             label={below:$x_{-3}$},label={above:#1}] (xm3) {};
		\node[right of=xm3,label={below:$x_{-2}$},label={above:#2}] (xm2) {};
		\node[right of=xm2,label={below:$x_{-1}$},label={above:#3}] (xm1) {};
		\node[right of=xm1,label={below:$x_0$},   label={above:#4},
			circle,draw,fill=black,inner sep=2pt]                     (x0)  {};
		\node[right of=x0, label={below:$x_1$},   label={above:#5}] (x1)  {};
		\node[right of=x1, label={below:$x_2$},   label={above:#6}] (x2)  {};
		\node[right of=x2, label={below:$x_3$},   label={above:#7}] (x3)  {};

		\node[left of=xm3, label={left:$\dots$}]  (start) {};
		\node[right of=x3, label={right:$\dots$}] (end) {};

		\path[draw,<->] (start) -- (end);
	\end{tikzpicture}
}

\title{\Large Handout of ``Aspect and the Biblical Hebrew Niphal and Hitpael''\footnote{Richard Charles Benton, Jr. 2009. University of Wisonsin-Madison.}}
\author{Camil Staps}

\begin{document}

\maketitle

\summary{
	The problem with the Niphal and Hitpael stems is both
	(a) \term{internal overlap},
		that each stem covers more than one functional area (passive, middle and reflexive), and
	(b) \term{external overlap},
		that the functions of the two stems overlap with each other\pagenr{102}.
}

\summary{
	Benton takes from Keenan (1985) the idea that when a language has multiple passives,
	they are distinguished by \term{aspect}\pagenr{102}.
	\criticism{
		he then takes from later linguists new views on aspect\pagenr{104--5},
		and applies Keenan's theory using those ideas about aspect.
		It is unclear if Keenan's theory applies to those new ideas.
	}
	Linguists distinguish different kinds of aspect:
		\term{viewpoint aspect},
			where a full or partial view of a situation is presented;
		\term{situation aspect},
			which presents features of a situation.
	Different kinds of situation aspect can be categorised by the features
		static--dynamic, durative--instantaneous and telic--atelic.
	Based on Pustejovsky, different types of events can be depicted in diagrams\pagenr{108--9}
		(see \autoref{fig:situation-transitions}).

	\begin{figure}[b]
		\centering
		\situationtransition{$\dots$}{$\lnot$built}{$\lnot$built}{built}{built}{built}{$\dots$}
		
		\vspace*{1em}
		\situationtransition{}{}{}{reached}{reached}{reached}{$\dots$}
		
		\vspace*{1em}
		\situationtransition{}{}{}{tapped}{}{}{}

		\caption{Different types of events: accomplishment, achievement and semelfactive.\label{fig:situation-transitions}}
	\end{figure}
}

\end{document}
