Finish chapter 13HEADmaster

1 files changed, 61 insertions, 2 deletions

diff --git a/sum-chap-13.tex b/sum-chap-13.tex
index 5a9ed1d..dd6d5d8 100644
--- a/sum-chap-13.tex
+++ b/sum-chap-13.tex
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ of the world.
 		(Jn.~14:15--17).
 
 		We should therefore understand the \index{Church}church in
-		\index{Church!Mission} missional terms. Jesus commanded them to do
+		\index{Church!Mission of} missional terms. Jesus commanded them to do
 		concrete things to witness to his kingdom (e.g.~Mt.~5--7). The church
 		therefore is the community of people that continues the apostolic mission
 		of following Jesus by making God's kingdom known in word and deed.
@@ -77,4 +77,63 @@ holy, catholic and apostolic church}. This gives us four `marks' or
 		therefore implies that the church has a mission.
 \end{description}
 
-%todo chapter 13, pp. 348 -- 358
+\subsection*{The mission of the church}
+According to the end of Matthew's gospel, it is the task of the church to make
+disciples of all nations. This \index{Proclamation} is achieved through
+\emph{preaching} (central in the Protestant tradition; Barth: proclamation is
+the announcement of the triune God's promise to be with creation) and the
+\emph{sacraments}\index{Sacrament} (central in the Catholic and Orthodox
+traditions, providing a more sensual experience of God's word). Sacraments are
+visible signs of invisible grace. Lastly, the church is called to be a
+distinctive (holy, `set apart') community. Niebuhr distinguishes five different
+responses to the question of the relationship between Christ and
+culture\index{Culture}:
+
+\begin{itemize}
+	\item `Christ against culture', especially popular before Constantine:
+		Christians should not concern themselves with worldly culture.
+	\item `Christ of culture'; the work of God and the work of humanity are so
+		intrinsically connected that they coincide.
+	\item `Christ above culture' (Aquinas); culture is useful in the light of
+		Christian grace.
+	\item `Christ and culture in paradox' (Luther's two kingdom --- church and
+		state --- theory); we cannot reconcile Christ and culture (society is
+		corrupt), nor can we take refuge from culture in the church (which is
+		populated by sinners and situated in the world).
+	\item `Christ the transformer of culture' (Augustine; contemporary liberation
+		theology); the church has the vocation to transform the sinful aspects of
+		culture.
+\end{itemize}
+
+The topic of mission borders the topic of election: to discuss the relationship
+of the church with the broader world it is necessary to articulate how the
+church is elected to be this distinctive community. This is typically done by
+looking at the visible and invisible church\index{Church!(In)visible}.
+
+Augustine: only God knows the members of the church: members of the visible
+church may be hypocrites. It is not the church's task to investigate membership
+of the invisible church (Mt.~13:24--30). According to Augustine, everyone is
+predestined\index{Predestination} to be saved \emph{or}
+damned\index{Predestination!Double}, a position taken over by Luther and
+Calvin.
+
+Double predestination is a mistaken interpretation of Scripture. It is based
+heavily on Romans~9--11, but ignores the covenantal, instrumental context:
+those chosen would participate in God's broader rescue of creation. The
+traditional reading also ignores the fact that Romans 11 speaks about the
+rejection of Israel and the inclusion of the Gentiles.
+
+Barth worried that the traditional interpretation made God's choice seem
+arbitrary, losing sight of God's loving character. Election has to do firstly
+with the fulfilment of the covenant in Christ; individuals come into play only
+as they are included through the corporate people of God.
+
+\medskip
+Traditionally, the distinction between the church
+militant\index{Church!Militant} and the church
+triumphant\index{Church!Triumphant} is that between the pilgrim church in the
+world and the dead saints in heaven. The authors deem it better to think of the
+militant church as the \emph{invisible} church struggling against evil, and of
+the triumphant church as the invisible church that we do not \emph{yet} see,
+because we are still in history. This is a historical meta-position on the
+distinction.